Question 1

The rate-limiting step in the synthesis of noradrenaline is:
One-Line Memory Trigger: Tyrosine → DOPA is the speed breaker.

Accepted Answer

Tyrosine → DOPA by tyrosine hydroxylase is the rate-limiting step in catecholamine synthesis.

Question 2

Which enzyme metabolizes noradrenaline inside the nerve terminal?
One-Line Memory Trigger: Inside neuron = MAO.

Accepted Answer

MAO acts intraneuronally; COMT acts mainly extraneuronally.

Question 3

Reserpine causes depletion of catecholamines by:
One-Line Memory Trigger: Reserpine empties vesicles.

Accepted Answer

Reserpine blocks VMAT and prevents catecholamine storage in vesicles.

Question 4

Cocaine increases synaptic noradrenaline by:
One-Line Memory Trigger: Cocaine = reuptake block.

Accepted Answer

Cocaine blocks the noradrenaline reuptake transporter (NET).

Question 5

Which receptor increases cardiac contractility?
One-Line Memory Trigger: β1 = one heart.

Accepted Answer

β1 receptors increase heart rate and force of contraction.

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